1. break down
(1)破坏, 毁掉;Who broke down the doors of our classroom? 谁把我们教室的门打坏了?
(2) 破除;The old rules must be broken down. 这些陈旧的规章制度必须废除。
(3) 制服;The police tried to break down the prisoners' opposition.警方设法制服囚犯的反抗。
(4) 坍塌, 坏掉;Because of explosion the bridge broke down last night. 由于爆炸, 昨夜这座桥倒塌了。
(5)(计划等)失败, 破裂;Your plan has broken down. What a pity! 你的计划失败了, 真遗憾!
Why did the peace talks break down?为什么和谈失败了
(6)(健康、精神)崩溃;After a long time of hard work, he almost broke down. 长时间艰苦劳动之后, 他的身体几乎垮了。
(7) 分解This matter will break down in water. 这种物质在水中会分解。
2. break up
(1) 解散,驱散。如:The police broke up the crowd (the meeting)。 警察驱散了人群(集会)。
(2) (学校等)放假。如:When do you break up for Christmas? 你们什么时候放圣诞节假?
(3) 结束,破裂。如:The weather shows signs of breaking up. 好天气看样要过去了。
Their marriage is breaking up. 他们的婚姻濒临破裂。
(4) 击碎,撞碎。如:The ship broke up on the rocks. 船触礁撞毁了。
Let's break up the whole into parts. 让我们化整为零。
(5) 绝交。如:She's just broken up with her boy-friend. 她刚与男朋友绝交。
3. break in破门而入,打断Last night a thief broke in and stole away his camera. 昨夜一个小偷闯了进来, 偷走了他的相机。
He broke in with some ideas of his own.他插了话, 说了说自己的一些看法。
4.break into破门而入,突然……起来They broke into the prison and set free all the prisoners. 他们冲进监狱,释放了所有的囚犯。
Hearing the sad news,the old woman broke into tears. 听到这个悲哀的消息, 这位老年妇女突然哭了起来。
5. break out战争爆发,争吵爆发,(火灾)发生When did the war break out? 这场战争是什么时候爆发的?
I have heard that a quarrel broke out between them. 我听说他们之间爆发了争吵。
More than one hundred fires broke out in our city last year. 去年我市发生了一百多起火灾。
6. break away from打破陈规;奋力挣脱;放弃习惯You must break away from these old customs. 你们必须破除这些旧风俗。
The dog broke away from its owner and ran away. 狗挣脱了主人,跑了。
You'd better break away from the habit of smoking. 你最好改掉吸烟的习惯。
7. break through 出现,突破It was a cloudy day, but the sun at last broke through.原本是个阴天,不过太阳最后还是出来了。
Our soldiers successfully broke through the enemy's defences. 我们的战士成功地突破了敌军的防线。
8. break into pieces破成碎片The mirror fell to the ground and broke into pieces. 镜子掉到地上摔成了碎片。
9. break one's word/promise食言, 说话不算数I believe in him,because he never breaks his word / promise. 我信任他,因为他从来不食言。
10. break the law/rule违反法律/规章制度Nobody can break the rules of our company. 没有人能违背我们公司的规章制度。
11. break forth突然发出,爆发,迸发, 发作The crowd broke forth in cheers. 欢呼声从人群中迸发出来。
12. break in two使破成两半When I hit the ball, my bat broke in two. 击球时我的球拍断成两截。
13. break the record打破纪录This athlete has just broken the world record in men's high jump. 这名运动员刚刚打破了男子跳高世界纪录。
14. break one's heart使某人心碎,使某人悲痛欲绝To tell you the truth, the bad news broke my heart at that time. 说实话,那时这个坏消息使我悲痛万分。
续。。。
break out爆发
break off中断
break away脱离
break in 闯入、插话
break down制服、拆散
Break up 打碎,粉碎;终止
Break it up! 别打啦!
Break up a friendship 断绝朋友关系
Break up an alliance 结束同盟关系
To break up or break apart. 分开,分解
I want to break up. 我要分手。
To come apart; break up. 分离;中断
When does school break up? 学期什么时候结束?
Break up a chocolate bar. 把一块长条巧克力弄碎
To break up an attack. 破坏一次攻势。
break down: 损坏,(健康等)垮掉,崩溃。
break up: 终止,结束;打碎,粉碎;散开,驱散。
break in: 非法闯入;打断,插嘴。
break off: 中断,突然停止。
break out: 逃脱,逃走;突然出现,爆发。
break into: 非法闯入,强行进入。
break through: 突破,冲破;取得突破性的成就。
a bad break失言; 丢人; 倒霉, 不幸
a good break好机会; 好运气
a luck break好机会; 好运气
an even break[美俚]条件均等的机会
get the breaks[美俚]交好运, 碰到有利的机会
give sb. a break给某人一个(改正错误的)机会
make a (bad) break失言, 失态, 随便说话; 犯错误
make a break for it[口](趁人不注意时)偷跑, 逃跑
make a break of(台球赛中)连续得分
make a (clean) break with与...绝交
The breaks were against us.[美俚]命运跟我们作对。
without a break继续不断地, 不停顿地
break away抢先开始;突然离开; 逃走;突然改变;脱离; 放弃; 革除;拆除, 拆毁;(云、雾等)消散
break back【体】突然反向行进扰乱对方防御;(板球)大幅度转变方向;向后溜走
break dancing霹雳舞(60年代起源于美国纽约贫民区, 后在地面摇滚舞基础上揉合体操、杂技和芭蕾舞动作, 80年代流行)
break down失败; 落空;毁掉; 拆除; 损坏; 瓦解; 崩溃;失去控制;分为细目;克服; 征服;【化】改变...的化学成分;打倒在地上; 粉碎;哭泣;态度软化; 招供
break forth突然发出, 迸发
break from挣脱; 突然离去
break in训练; 驯养;闯入; 破门而入;打断; 插嘴;开始使用
break in on/upon闯入;恍然大悟; 忽然想起;打断(谈话); 打扰; 妨碍
break into闯入; 潜入; 破门而入;进入(新行业);插入; 打断;开始(某种活动);突然加快(步伐或速度);突然...起来;占用...时间;兑开(大面值的钞票或硬币);动用(留作紧急时使用的物品);
break it up[口]散开! 别打架了! 别吵架了!;美俚]鼓掌
break of使免于; 戒去; 治愈
break off突然停止; 暂停; 休息一下;折断; 绝交;离开正路;因顶头风而改变航向;
break off from戒除; 放弃; 和...绝交
break off with与...断绝交往
break open以暴力启开
break out发生; 爆发;发疹;逃出; 突围;准备使用;由贮藏处取出使用;【航海】准备起锚;打开; 启开(货物等);突然说出[发出, 做出];悬挂(旗, 帆等);
break out in突然布满;突然发作
break out of摆脱(束缚等)
break over溢出;违犯;(浪涛)冲击; 扑打;(笑声, 掌声, 骂声等)阵阵袭向, 冲向
break short off突然中止
break through突破;从后面出现;(在科学研究上)有重大发现;克服; 打破;
break up停止;散开;分成小块; 拆开; 分解;衰弱; (精神)崩溃;解散;使哄堂大笑;打断; 破坏;断交; 绝交; 破裂;(天气)突然变化;使苦恼;结束, (学校期末)放假;
break up into分解成; 分割成
break upon显露; 突然出现
break with与...绝交;打破
automatic break自动断开
back break(爆破孔的)背面裂断
baseline break基线中断
bead break珠断(拉制玻璃纤维出现玻璃珠时的断裂)
body break辊身折断
bottom break【植】基出枝;【采矿】底部断裂
chain break通道中断
circuit loop break(在靠近一对绝缘子处的)线路断开
clean break无火花断路;(果冻)光洁的断面
cloud break【气】云的破裂
cold break冷淀物, 冷却残渣
control break【自】控制改变
corner break隅裂(钢锭 缺陷)
cross breaks横折, 折纹
crown break外胎顺轮周破裂
crystalline break晶体断口
curve break曲线转折点
diagonaly body break辊身对角折断
double break双断
edge break边折(带钢缺陷)
fast break快攻
fine break细(粉)碎系统
fire break防火间距
glass break玻璃状断口
half-moon break(钢轨)底裂
hammer break【电】锤形衔铁断路器
hot break加热消蚀
impulse spring break脉动簧断开
instantaneous break瞬时切断
irregular break不平整断口
isochromatid break等点断裂
isolocus break等位断裂
light break光间歇
line break输送管线断裂
mercury break水银断续器
mid-day break午休
middle break中断
multiple break多重断开
neck break颈折断
potential break潜在断裂
price break价格间断
protracted break长时受力损坏
quick break快速断开
rough break粗糙断口, 不平滑断口
score break断痕
service break发球员输掉发球的一局
staggered breaks交叉切断
station break电台间歇
stem break【植】茎变色, 变褐
sticker break粘结条痕(带钢热处理缺陷)
stratigraphic break地层间断
string break字串断开, 断串, 字串段落
tape break磁带断裂
upper break上部缺失
vertical body break辊身沿轴线垂直面折断
vibrating break振动断续器
water break水膜残迹(洗涤餐具、金属等硬表面物件, 因效果不良, 经漂清后在其外表上残存有小水珠的现象)
wipe break断路器
wood stick break木制绝缘子
break of load负荷的中断
break of oil油加热后沉淀
break of picture sequence图象时序破坏
break of service发球得分