(1)to one's surprise 意为“使某人吃惊的是……”它对全句进行解释或说明,表示说话人对上文的看法或态度,一般放在句首。例如:
To our surprise,the boy won the prize. 使我们惊奇的是这个男孩获奖了。
(2)in surprise 意为“惊奇地;吃惊地”,侧重于主动,即主语处于吃惊的一种状态它修饰谓语动词。例如:
“How did you come here?” she said in surprise. “你怎么到这儿来的?”她惊讶地说。
(3)be surprised 可单独使用或跟不定式。例如:
When I received his letter,I was very surprised. 当我收到他的信时很吃惊。
by surpise出其不意地
surprise sb.让某人感到吃惊
by surpise出其不意地 侧重于被动,即别人做了某事使另外一个人吃惊
be surpised to do sth.