语法Grammar
结构structure句子sentence从句clause词组phrase
词性partofspeech单词word
名词Noun
专有名词propernoun普通名词commonnoun可数名词countablenoun
不可数名词uncountablenoun抽象名词abstractnoun具体名词concretenoun物质名词materialnoun集体名词collectivenoun个体名词individualnoun介词preposition连词conjunction
动词Verb
及物动词transitiveverb不及物动词intransitiveverb系动词linkverb
助动词auxiliaryverb情态动词modalverb实义动词notionalverb
规则动词regularverb
不规则动词irregularverb使役动词causativeverb感官动词verbofsenses动态动词eventverb静态动词stateverb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective
副词Adverb
疑问副词interrogativeadverb关系副词relativeadverb
代词Pronoun
人称代词personalpronoun物主代词possessivepronoun反身代词reflexivepronoun相互代词reciprocalpronoun
指示代词demonstrativepronoun疑问代词interrogativepronoun关系代词relativepronoun不定代词indefinitepronoun物主代词possessivepronoun名词性物主代词
nominalpossessivepronoun形容词性物主代词
adjectivalpossessivepronoun
冠词Article
定冠词definitearticle不定冠词indefinitearticle
数词Numeral
基数词cardinalnumeral序数词ordinalnumeral分数词fractionalnumeral形式form
单数形式singularform复数形式pluralform原形baseform
句子成分
Membersofsentences
基本句型basicsentencepattern主语subject谓语predicate
宾语object
复合宾语complexobject同源宾语cognateobject补语complement
宾补objectcomplement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial
句子Sentence
简单句simplesentence并列句compoundsentence复合句complexsentence并列复合句
compoundcomplexsentence陈述句declarativesentence疑问句interrogativesentence一般疑问句generalquestion特殊疑问句specialquestion选择疑问句alternativequestion反义疑问句disjunctivequestion存在句existentialsentence肯定句positivesentence否定句negativesentence祈使句imperativesentence省略句ellipticalsentence
感叹句exclamatorysentence
从句Clause
从属句subordinateclause并列句coordinateclause名词从句nominalclause定语从句attributiveclause状语从句adverbialclause宾语从句objectclause主语从句subjectclause同位语从句appositiveclause真实条件状语从句
adverbialclauseofrealcondition非真实条件状语从句
adverbialclauseofunrealcondition
句法关系
句法Syntacticrelationship
并列coordinate从属subordination
修饰modification
前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction
双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction
数Number
单数形式singularform复数形式pluralform规则形式regularform不规则形式irregularform
格case
所有格possessivecase主格nominativecase宾格objectivecase
人称person
第一人称firstperson第二人称secondperson第三人称thirdperson
时态Tense
过去将来时pastfuturetense一般现在时presentsimpletense一般过去时pastsimpletense一般将来时futuresimpletense现在完成时pastperfecttense过去完成时presentperfecttense现在进行时
presentcontinuoustense
过去进行时pastcontinuoustense将来进行时futurecontinuoustense
语态Voice
主动语态activevoice被动语态passivevoice
语气Mood
陈述语气indicativemood祈使语气imperativemood虚拟语气subjunctivemood
否定Negation
否定范围scopeofnegation全部否定fullnegation局部否partialnegation转移否定shiftofnegation
