-ing形式常被用作动词的现在分词和动名词。它的变化规则如下:
1. 一般情况下,动词加-ing:walk → walking, talk → talking
2. 以不发音的“e”结尾的动词,先去掉“e”,再加-ing:take → taking, love → loving
3. 以一个辅音字母结尾并重读最后一个音节的词,双写辅音字母,再加-ing:run → running, swim → swimming
4. 以“ie”结尾的动词,替换为“y”,再加-ing:die → dying, lie → lying
5. 以“c”的、单独拼读成/k/音的动词,先加“k”,再加-ing:picnic → picnicking, traffic → trafficking
6. 以“e”的、单独拼读成/ch/音的动词,加“ing”须改为加“ing”的同时改为加“d”或“t”的过去分词形式,即加“ing”时需要以原来的单词末尾字母为依据,判断-ing后是否必须要再加d/t:dance → dancing,danced
7. 有些不规则动词不按以上规律进行变化,需要记忆:go → going,do → doing,come → coming,eat → eating
8. 作为名词时,只能是单数形式:running,swimming,shopping,dancing,cooking等等。