pron.=pronoun,代词;
num.=numeral,数词;
adj.=adjective,形容词;
adv.=adverb,副词;
prep.=preposition,介词;
interj.=interjection,叹词;
conj.=conjunction,连词;
n.=noun,名词;
vt.=transitive verb,及物动词;
vi.=intransitive verb,不及物动词;
v.aux.=auxiliary ,助动词;
modal v.=modal verb,情态动词;
art.=article,冠词。