自从二十世纪八十年代开始，现代物流率先出现于欧美等工业国家，并以其独特的魅力受到全球工商界企业的青睐，得到了迅猛的发展，被誉为企业发展的“加速器”和二十一世纪的“黄金产业”，成为新兴的经济增长点。现在，在世界各国，越来越多的企业不惜巨资投向现代物流企业，同时现代物流企业也成为了全球金融投资家关注的重点行业之一。现代物流，炙手可热。
在钢铁产品流通领域内，现代物流意味着包括钢材在内的生产资料和生活资料等所有物质资料从供给者到需求者的物理性活动，是为了满足消费者需求而进行的对原材料、中间库存、最终产品及相关信息从起始地到消费地的有效流动及存储的计划、实施与控制的过程。现代物流强调的是这个过程的有效流动与存储，以及信息及管理在物流中的作用。
我国钢铁行业物流现状
我国钢材流通领域的物流产业与欧美等发达国家相比，从总体来说，还是处于比较落后的状态，主要是存在以下五个方面的不足：
物流产业起步较晚
各自为战，尚未建立全国范围内的物流体系
基础配套设施等硬件条件差
经营管理理念和方法不先进
现代物流的认识和理论研究还有待提高
在看到我国钢铁流通领域内物流产业的不足之处的同时，我们也要看到经过各个方面不懈努力取得的进步和成绩。现在，我国钢铁行业及钢材流通领域的现代物流基本上是处于良性循环的蓬勃发展趋势之中。
大型钢铁企业纷纷兴办物流公司，利用自身雄厚的人力、物力资源，打造出享誉我国钢铁流通领域内的物流企业品牌。从1982年开始，鞍钢就设计并实施了众多的大型技改项目的物流解决方案，累计运输和管理进出口物资总值高达300多亿元人民币，积累了丰富的现代物流经验。鞍钢物流业的发展是立足在其自身的四大优势基础之上的：一是在许多港口的费率是同类企业中最低的；二是与许多船舶公司、航空公司已经建立了良好的伙伴关系；三是与海关、商检部门有良好的合作，通关能力十分强；四是具有良好的品牌和信誉，这也是鞍钢发展物流业的最大资本。目前，辽宁省内许多企业已表示出浓厚的与鞍钢物流企业合作的愿望，其中三家企业已通过鞍钢国贸国际货运有限公司做成了生意。
中小型钢铁企业也不甘心失去发展现代物流的有利契机，同时希望通过现代物流的强力推动，缩短与大型钢铁企业间的距离。莱钢根据企业物流的现状，在物流优化和整合上大做文章，以便降低企业物流成本，提高企业的综合竞争能力。为此，莱钢专门成立了“现代物流管理部”，负责莱钢物流的优化与整合工作；聘请物流专家对莱钢的物流进行诊断，制定物流优化整合方案，指导企业进行现代物流管理创新；建立物流优化与整合的数字模型，将各个生产企业的原燃料采购、生产过程的半成品转移及产品销售至用户的全过程进行系统优化，以从更大范围内优化企业生产成本，实现莱钢物流管理的整体创新。
网上招标与采购，是钢铁产品与钢材流通领域内迈向现代物流的实质性一步。“中国钢铁联合采购招标系统”自2001年10月在国内冶金行业正式推出后，发展势头十分强劲。这一系统可以提供全程进行网上发标、加密投标、截标、网上解密开标的招标采购平台，并且采用了用户IC卡系统和先进的复合数字加密技术。如今，通过“中国钢铁联合采购招标系统”已累计实现网上采购额4.5亿元。2002年1月，北京首钢新钢有限责任公司通过“中国钢铁联合采购招标系统”网上发布9大类48个标书，采购品种规格共有200多个，价值达到8258万元，之后举行网上开标，实施采购，参加网上投标的供应商有76家。现在，越来越多的供应商以钢铁企业网上招标采购为契机，积极参加网上供应行列，进入这一网上大市场。
相比国外企业差距明显
在我国，钢铁系统物流产业的发展毕竟还才起步，从整体上看，还不能适应钢铁生产和钢材贸易发展的需要，物流企业在规模、效益、物流技术和管理水平等方面与国外物流企业相比，还存在很大的差距，面临着许多亟待解决的问解，主要表现在以下八个方面：
钢铁行业的物流缺乏整体规划，各环节没有理顺，物流布局不合理，物流成本很高，物流方式单一，物流市场无序竞争，导致物流业整体效益不佳。
专业化程度不高，业态发展不平衡，企业“大而全”、“小而全”的现象较为普遍，专业化程度低，物流运输、仓储的现代水平较低，物流中心和配送中心的建设在规模和发展速度上都还不适应现代物流的要求。
物流系统效率低下，物流成本居高不下，主要表现在运输时间、储存时间、基础设施劳动生产率等三个方面。
物流基础设施不匹配，物流技术装备水平低，物流中心和配送中心的建设规模和发展速度都不适应现代物流的要求。我国的钢铁企业多数都是计划经济下的产物，条块分割、多头管理的传统经营管理模式的影响根深蒂固，导致各种物流基础设施的规划和建设缺乏必要的协调，因而配套性、兼容性差，导致系统功能不强。
物流系统一般技术水平低，装备落后。在仓储设施方面，第三方物流企业拥有的仓库70％是普通平房仓库，现代化立体自动化仓储设施比例较低，具有冷藏、保鲜、气调的仓库更少。在使用的搬运工具中，人工搬运车、手推叉车和普通起重设备占到70％以上，而可视屏叉车等现代化的搬运工具却很少采用。第三方物流企业拥有的运输车辆中，普通车辆占到70％以上，现代化的箱式货柜和集装箱拖头及特种运输车辆却很少。
物流专业人才短缺。物流人才是钢铁系统的物流业发展的关键，也是物流企业成长的保障。而我们钢铁企业或钢材流通领域的物流管理和人才培养，都还相当滞后，没有形成适应我国现状的物流理论和现代物流管理体系，物流人才培育比较困难。
标准化建设滞后。物流是跨地区、跨行业的运作系统，标准化程度的高低不仅关系到各种物流功能、要素之间的有效衔接和协调发展，也在很大程度上影响着物流效率的提高。物流器具标准不配套，托盘标准化没有推行，严重影响了物流的效率。
信息化程度低，现代营销和经营水平不高。目前不少从事钢材贸易的经营企业，大多还处于电话联系、手工操作、人工装卸较低层次的运作阶段。而在现代物流系统中，物流信息并不局限于单个企业的内部，需要在相关企业进行广泛的交换。在相关交易者之间进行网络连接，零售企业向批发企业或厂商发出的订货信息会同时发往物流企业，从而实现即时交货。但现在绝大多数的钢材贸易商是依*纸媒体的信息传递，这显然是无法实现钢材的现代物流。
尽管我国刚刚起步的钢铁流通领域内的物流企业还存在诸多问题，然而其发展的前景十分广阔，有着巨大的发展潜力和成长空间。随着我国经济的持续发展、市场经济的逐渐成熟、全球经济结构调整及产业的不断升级，这都将使我国钢铁行业的物流业的地位和作用发生深刻的变化，物流业必须成为促进我国钢铁工业和钢材贸易蓬勃发展的重要载体。
Sincethe20thcentury,thebeginningofthe1980s,modernlogisticsfirstappearedinEuropeandtheUnitedStatesandotherindustrialcountries,anditsuniquecharmbytheglobalbusinessenterprisesfavoredbytherapiddevelopmentHailedasthedevelopmentofenterprises"accelerator"andthe21stcentury"goldindustry,"andbecomeanewpointofeconomicgrowth.Now,thenationsoftheworld,moreandmoreenterprisesatJuzidouxiangmodernlogisticsenterprisesMeanwhilemodernlogisticsenterpriseshavebecometheglobalfinancialinvestorsconcernedaboutoneofthekeysectors.Modernlogistics,hot.Inthecirculationofsteelproducts,Modernlogisticsmeansincludingsteel,meansofproductionandmeansofsubsistenceallmaterialinformationfromsuppliertothedemand-Rationalactivities,inordertomeetconsumerdemandfortherightrawmaterials,intermediatestock,thefinalproductandrelatedinformationfromtheconsumertostarttotheeffectiveflowandstorageoftheplanning,implementationandcontroloftheprocess.Modernlogisticsemphasisofthisprocessisefficient,effectiveflowandstorage,andinformationmanagementandlogisticsintherole.China'ssteelindustrylogisticssituationofChina'ssteeldomaintothelogisticsindustryandEuropeandtheUnitedStatesandotherdevelopednations,Generallyspeaking,oratarelativelybackwardstate,isprimarilythefollowingfiveaspectsoftheinadequate:LogisticsIndustrylatestartfightingeachother,yettoestablishanationwidesystemoflogisticssupportinginfrastructuresuchashardwarepoormanagementphilosophyandmethodsarenotadvancedmodernLogisticsunderstandingandtheoreticalresearchremainstobeseenintheincreaseinChina'ssteelcirculationwithinthelogisticsindustryshortcomingsinthemeantime,Wehavetoseethatthroughallaspectsoftheunremittingeffortsmadeprogressandachievements.Now,China'sironandsteelindustryandsteelcirculationofmodernlogisticsisbasicallyabenigncycleinthevigorousdevelopmenttrends.Largeironandsteelenterpriseshavesetuplogisticscompanies,usingitsabundanthumanandmaterialresources,ThebuildingofChina'ssteelcirculationreputationinthefieldoflogisticsenterprisesbrand.Fromthebeginningin1982,whenthevolumeonthedesignandimplementationofalargenumberofmajortechnologyprojectslogisticssolutions,totaltransportandimportandexportgoodsandmaterialsmanagementworthmorethan300billionyuan,hasaccumulatedawealthofexperienceofmodernlogistics.Angangdevelopmentofthelogisticsindustryisbasedonitsownfoundationofthefourmajoradvantages:First,inmanyportsrateisthelowestamongsimilarenterprises;Second,withmanyshippingcompanies.Airlineshaveestablishedagoodpartnership;Third,customs,commodityinspectiondepartmentshavegoodcooperation.clearancecapacityisverystrong;4isagoodbrandandreputation,itisalsoAngangdevelopmentofthelogisticsindustryinthelargestcapital.Currently,manyenterprisesinLiaoningprovincehaveexpressedstrongwithAnganglogisticsenterprisesdesiretocooperatethesethreeenterpriseshaveadoptedinternationalcargoAngangITCLtd.madeabusiness.Smallandmedium-sizedironandsteelenterpriseshavenotreconciledtolosingthedevelopmentofmodernlogisticsofthefavorableopportunity,alsohopethatthroughmodernlogisticsofpromotingstrong,withlargesteelshortenthedistancebetweenenterprises.Laiganglogisticsenterprisesunderthecurrentsituation,thelogisticsoptimizationandintegrationofabigfussaboutthelogisticsenterprisesinordertoreducecosts,enhancethecomprehensivecompetitiveness.Tothisend,LaiwuSteelestablishedthe"ModernLogisticsManagement,"responsibleforthelogisticsofLaigangoptimizationandintegration;hireexpertsonthelogisticsofthelogisticsLaigangdiagnosis,developintegratedlogisticsoptimizationprogram,directenterprisesinmodernlogisticsmanagementinnovation;theestablishmentoflogisticsoptimizationandintegrationofnumericalmodels,alloftheoriginalproductionenterprisesfuelprocurement,productionprocessandthetransferofsemi-finishedproductstothecustomersalesprocessforsystemoptimization,fromthegreaterscopetooptimizeproductioncostsandachieveLaigangtheoveralllogisticsmanagementinnovation.Onlinebiddingandprocurement,steelproductsandsteelcirculationtowardsmodernlogisticssubstantivestep."China'ssteeljointprocurementtendersystem"sinceOctober2001inthedomesticmetallurgicalindustryfollowingtheformallaunchofdevelopmentmomentumisverystrong.ThesystemcanprovidefullInternetHair,encryptiontender,thetenderclosing,theonlinedecryptionopeningatenderfortheprocurementplatform,andtheuseofICcardsystemandadvancedcompositedigitalencryptiontechnology.Today,the"Chinesesteeljointprocurementtendersystem"hasrealizedatotalonlinepurchases450millionyuan.January2002.BeijingShougangSteelnewlimitedliabilitycompanythrough"Chinesesteeljointprocurementtendersystem,"publishedonlineSeptember48largestcategoryofbids,procurementspecificationsvarietiesweremorethan200,thevalueof82.58millionyuan,tobeheldaftertheopeningoftheInternet,implementationoftheprocurement,participateintheonlinebiddingvendorsare76.Now,anincreasingnumberofsupplierstothesteelbusinessonlinebiddingfortheopportunitytoactivelyparticipateintheranksofonlinesuppliers,Internetaccesstothebigmarket.Comparedwithforeignenterprises,anobviousgapinoursteellogisticssystem,afterall,thedevelopmentoftheindustrywillalsostartfromtheoverallperspective,stillunabletomeetsteelproductionandsteeltradedevelopmentneedsoflogisticsenterprisesintermsofscale,efficiency,logisticstechnologyandmanagementstandardswithrespecttoforeignlogisticsenterprises,thereisawidegapbetweenfacedmanypressingtoresolvethequestionofsolutions,mainlyinthefollowingeightareas:theironandsteelindustry,logisticslackofoverallplanning,thesegmentdidnotstraightenout,thelogisticsofirrationalarrangement,thehighcostoflogistics,logisticsmeansofasingle,disorderedcompetitioninthelogisticsmarket,logisticsindustryasawholeledtopoorefficiency.Thedegreeofspecializationisnothigh,Businessunevendevelopment,enterprises,"largeandall-embracing","dumbbell"ofacommonphenomenon,andLowdegreeofspecialization,transportandlogistics,warehousingmodernlowlevel.logisticscentersanddistributioncentersintheconstructionscaleandthepaceofdevelopmenthasnotyetadaptedtothedemandsofmodernlogistics.Inefficientlogisticssystem,thehighcostoflogistics,mainlyinthetransport,storagetime,infrastructuresuchaslaborproductivityinthreeaspects.Logisticsinfrastructuredoesnotmatch,thelogisticstechnologyandequipment,thelowlevellogisticscenteranddistributioncenterofthescaleandspeedofdevelopmentofmodernlogisticsdonotmeettherequirements.China'sironandsteelenterprisesaremostlyundertheplannedeconomyproductfragmentation,overlappingmanagementandthetraditionalmanagementpatternsofdeep-rooted,ledtovariouslogisticsinfrastructureplanningandconstructionofalackofthenecessarycoordination,thuscompatibilityandcoordinationpoor,leadtothesystemfunctionisnotstrong.Logisticssystemsgenerallylowleveloftechnology,equipmentbehind.Storageandwarehousingfacilities,thethirdpartylogisticswarehouseowned70%ordinarycottagewarehouse,Stereomodernautomatedstoragefacilitiesalowerproportionisfrozen,refrigeration,airconditioningfewerwarehouses.Intheuseoftheremovaltool,manualhandlingcar,pushingaforkliftandthegeneralliftingequipmentaccountedformorethan70%,andcanscreenforklifthandlingandothermoderntoolshasbeenrarelyused.Third-partylogisticsenterprisesownedtransportvehicles,ordinaryvehiclesaccountedformorethan70%,modernbox-typecontainersandcontainertractorsandspecialtransportvehicleswerefew.Shortageoflogisticsprofessionals.Steellogisticspersonnelsystemisthedevelopmentofthelogisticsindustryisseenasakeylogisticsenterprisesgrowprotection.Oursteelorsteelcirculationfieldoflogisticsmanagementandpersonneltraining,arealsoconsiderablelag,notsuitabletothestatusofChina'slogisticstheoryandmodernlogisticsmanagementsystems,logisticspersonneltrainingmoredifficult.Standardizationlag.Logisticsisatrans-regionalandcross-sectoraloperatingsystem,thelevelofstandardizationisnotonlyrelatedtovariouslogisticsfunctions,elementsofaneffectiveinterfacebetweenthedevelopmentandcoordination,hasalsosignificantlyinfluencedthelogisticsefficiency.Logisticssupportequipmentstandards,standardizationtrayisnotimplemented,aseriousimpactontheefficiencyoflogistics.Alowdegreeofinformationtechnology,modernmarketingandoperatinglevelisnothigh.Manyinthesteeltradeenterprises,arestillinthetelephonelinksbyhand.Artificialhandlinglow-leveloperationalphase.Inmodernlogisticssystem,theLogisticsInformationisnotconfinedtoasingleenterprise'sinternal,Inrelatedbusinessesneedawide-rangingexchange.Inrelatedtransactionsbetweennetworkconnectivity,Retailenterprisestomanufacturersandwholesaleenterprisesorordersissuedbytheinformationwillalsobesenttothelogisticsbusinesses,therebyachievingpromptdelivery.Butnow,themajorityofthesteeltradersaccording*permitsthetransmissionofinformationtothemedia,itisimpossibletoachievethesteelofmodernlogistics.AlthoughChinahasjuststartedtheflowofsteelinthefieldoflogisticsenterprisesstillhavemanyproblems,However,itsdevelopmentprospectsareverybroadandhastremendouspotentialfordevelopmentandgrowthspace.WithChina'ssustainedeconomicdevelopment,themarketeconomygraduallymature,theglobaleconomicstructuraladjustmentandtheindustryhasbeenescalatingandThiswillmakeChina'sironandsteelindustry,thestatusofthelogisticsindustryandtheroleundergoingprofoundchanges,logisticsindustrymustbethepromotionofChina'sironandsteelindustryandsteeltradetoflourishthemajorcarriers.
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