品牌包装设计应从商标、图案、色彩、造型、材料等构成要素入手,在考虑商品特性的基础上,遵循品牌设计的一些基本原则,如:保护商品、美化商品、方便使用等,使各项设计要素协调搭配,相得益彰,以取得最佳的包装设计方案。如果从营销的角度出发,品牌包装图案和色彩设计是突出商品个性的重要因素,个性化的品牌形象是最有效的促销手段。
(一)包装图案的设计
包装图案中的商品图片、文字和背景的配置,必须以吸引顾客注意为中心,直接推销品牌。包装图案对顾客的刺激较之品牌名称更具体、更强烈、更有说服力,并往往伴有即效性的购买行为。它的设计要遵循的基本原则:
1.形式与内容要表里如一,具体鲜明,一看包装即可知晓商品本身。
2.要充分展示商品。这主要采取两种方式,一是用形象逼真的彩色照片表现,真实地再现商品。这在食品包装中最为流行,如巧克力、糖果、食品罐头等,逼真的彩色照片将色、味、型表现得令人搀涎欲滴;二是直接展示商品本身。全透明包装、开天窗包装在食品、纺织品、轻工产品中是非常流行的。
3.要有具体详尽的文字说明。在包装图案上还要有关于产品的原料、配制、功效、使用和养护等的具体说明,必要时还应配上简洁的示意图。
4.要强调商品形象色。不只是透明包装或用彩色照片充分表现商品本身的固有色,而是更多地使用体现大类商品的形象色调,使消费者产生类似信号反映一样的认知反映,快速地凭色彩确知包装物的内容。例如万宝路烟盒上身采用暗红色,下身是纯白色,色彩搭配醒目、突出,使人联想到西部牛仔的阳刚之气。烟盒上方饰有烫金的菲利浦?莫里斯公司的标志:两匹骏马护卫着一顶金色王冠,再加上黑色的Marlboro商标,更使人觉得万宝路气度不凡。
5."石门家族"式的包装,要将其重点体现在包装的主要展销面。凡一家企业生产的或以同一品牌商标生产的商品,不管品种、规格、包装的大小、形状、包装的造型与图案设计,均采用同一格局,甚至同一个色调,给人以统一的印象,使顾客一望即知产品系何家品牌。
6.要注意功效设计。包装图案中的功效设计主要表现在以下方面:
①保护性能设计,包括防潮、防霉、防蛀、防震、防漏、防碎、防挤压等。
②方便性能设计,包括要方便商店陈列,销售;方便顾客携带、使用等。
③推销性能设计,即无需销售人员的介绍或示范,顾客只凭包装画面文图的"自我介绍"就可以了解商品,从而决定购买。
包装图案的设计手法,则要求以其简单的线条、生动的个性人物、搭配合理的色彩等给消费者留下深刻的印象。以苏格兰威士忌酒中的皇家礼炮21为例。该酒是经过21年精心酿制而成的,用蓝、红、绿三种颜色的宫庭御用精制瓷瓶盛装,瓶身上刻有持剑跨马的圆桌骑士形象,品牌商标图案上有两架礼炮,并配有苏格兰威士忌协会颁发的21年酒龄的鉴定证明,整个包装显得典雅、富贵。以至于有的人喝完酒后,将酒瓶细心地收藏起来。
包装图案设计禁忌也是一个值得注意的问题。不同的国家和地区有不同的风俗习惯和价值观念,因而也就有他们自己喜爱和禁忌的图案,产品的包装只有适应这些,才有可能赢得当地市场的认可。包装图案设计禁忌可分为人物、动物、植物和几何图形禁忌几种。这里不多赘述。
(二)包装色彩设计
色彩在包装设计中占有特别重要的地位。在竞争激烈的商品市场上,要使商品具有明显区别于其他产品的视觉特征,更富有诱惑消费者的魅力,刺激和引导消费,以及增强人们对品牌的记忆,这都离不开色彩的设计与运用。
日本色彩学专家大智浩,曾对包装的色彩设计做过深入的研究。他在《色彩设计基础》一书中,曾对包装的色彩设计提出如下八点要求:
1.包装色彩能否在竞争商品中有清楚的识别性;
2.是否很好地象征着商品内容;
3.色彩是否与其他设计因素和谐统一,有效地表示商品的品质与份量;
4.是否为商品购买阶层所接受;
5.是否是较高的明视度,并能对文字有很好的衬托作用;
6.单个包装的效果与多个包装的叠放效果如何;
7.色彩在不同市场,不同陈列环境是否都充满活力;
8.商品的色彩是否不受色彩管理与印刷的限制,效果如一。
这些要求,在商品包装的色彩设计的实践中无疑都是合乎实际的。随着消费需求的多样化、商品市场的细分化,对品牌包装设计的要求,也越来越严格和细致起来。为了更准确地掌握不同种类商品包装色彩设计的不同要求,我们可以将生活消费品划分为三大类别,分别提出色彩设计的具体要求:
第一类,奢侈品。如化妆品中的高档香水、香皂以及女性用服饰品等;男性用如香烟、酒类、高级糖果、巧克力、异国情调名贵特产等。这种商品特别要求独特的个性,色彩设计需要具有特殊的气氛感和高价、名贵感。例如法国高档香水或化妆品,要有神秘的魅力,不可思议的气氛,显示出巴黎的浪漫情调。这类产品无论包装体型或色彩都应设计得优雅大方。再如,男人嗜好的威士忌,包装设计要有18世纪法国贵族生活的特殊气氛,香烟包装设计要求有一种贵族的气质感。健牌特(KENT)香烟的烟盒遍体为白色,一座白色的古城堡耸立在一片白色之中,再配以金光灿烂的"KENT"商标,会使人联想起古老的城堡里的贵族生活。骆驼牌(CAMEL)香烟盒的底色是淡黄色,暗喻广阔的沙漠。背景图案上的金字塔和棕桐树代表古老的东方,给人一种神秘的和原始的感觉。这类商品的包装都应给人一种高价名牌的感觉。国内的"茅台酒"、"五粮液"、"沪州老窖"、"中华烟"、"云烟"等极品包装,也在设计上开始向国际名牌看齐。
第二类,日常生活所需的食品,例如罐头、饼干、调味品、咖啡、红茶等。这类商品包装的色彩设计应具备两点特征:(1)引起消费者的食欲感;(2)要刻意突出产品形象,如矿泉水包装采用天蓝色,暗示凉爽和清纯,并用全透明的塑料瓶,充分显示产品的特征。目前国内这一类型的产品以广东的食品、饮料、矿泉水等较为成功。
第三类,大众化商品,如中低档化妆品、香皂、卫生防护用品等。这类商品定位于大众化市场,其包装色彩设计要求:(1)要显示出易于亲近的气氛感;(2)要表现出商品的优质感;(3)能使消费者在短时间内辨别出该品牌。
翻译:
Brandpackagingdesignshouldtrademark,thedesign,color,shape,materials,considerelementsincommoditycharacteristics,onthebasisofthefollowingafewbasicprinciplesofbranddesign,suchas:protectionproducts,beautification,convenientuse,goodsthatthedesignelements,harmoniouscollocation,toobtainthebestpackingdesignscheme.IffrommarketingAngle,brandpackagingdesignandcolordesignisoutstandingpersonalityfactor,thegoodsofindividuationbrandimageisoneofthemosteffectivemeansofsalespromotion.
(a)packagingdesignofdesign
Thecommoditypackagingdesign,textandbackgroundimagesofconfiguration,musttoattractcustomersattentionasthecenter,thedirectsellingbrand.Packagingdesignforcustomerbrandnameofstimulatingthanmoreconcrete,moreintense,moreconvincing,andoftenassociatedwiththepurchasebehaviorthateffect.Itsdesignshouldfollowthebasicprinciples:
1formandcontent,specifictoabright,commoditypackagingcanbeknown.
2tofullydisplayproducts.Itmainlyadopttwoways,oneisusingimagelifelikecolorphotograph,realgroundemersiongoods.Themostpopularinthefoodpackaging,suchaschocolate,candy,cannedfood,vividcolorphotoswillbecolor,taste,shapewithaperformancethatisabouttodripsaliary,Secondisthedirectshowcommodityitself.Fullytransparentpackaging,packaginginfood,textilesKaiTianChuang,lightindustryproductsareverypopular.
3tohavespecificdetailsofthetext.Inthepackagingdesignofproductshaveonrawmaterials,preparation,useandmaintenanceetc,thespecificinstructions,whennecessary,stillshouldmatchonconciseschemes.
4shouldemphasizemerchandiseimage.Don'tjusttransparentpackagingorwithcolorphotographsshowcommodityitself,butthenaturalcolortousemorereflectcategoriesofcommodityistonal,makeconsumersimagereflectedsignalsofsimilar,fastwithcognitivereflectsthepackagingcolorassurance.Suchasred,thebodyUSESmarlborocigerratcase,whoispurewhitecolorcollocation,smart,reminiscentofcowboyYanggang.TheabovecigerratcasewithbronzingPhillip?Mark:twomorrishorseinagoldencrownguards,plustheblackMarlborotrademark,makethepersonfeelsMarlboronoble.
5."thefamily"shimenpackaging,willthefocusembodiesinthemainsalespackage.Everyoneoftheenterpriseinthesamebrandtrademarkorproductionofgoods,regardlessofthevarieties,specifications,packaging,packagingofsize,shapemodellinganddesigns,allthesamepattern,eventhesamecolor,giveapersonwithunifiedimpression,makecustomerlookedathowknowledgeproductthatbrand.
6shouldpayattentiontothefunctiondesign.Thedesignofpackagingdesignmaineffectinthefollowingaspects:
1protectionperformancedesign,includingthemoistureproof,mouldproofandmoth-proofing,shockproof,leakproof,broken,extrusionetc.
Convenientperformancedesign,including2convenientstoresdisplay,sales,Theconvenienceofourcustomers,use,etc.
3salesperformancedesign,namelynosalespersonnelintroductionordemonstration,andonlybycustomersinfigure"packagingpicturecanintroduce",thusdecidedtobuygoods.
Packagingdesign,thedesignmethodsforitssimplelines,livelypersonality,reasonablecollocationofcolourtotheconsumerimpressed.TheroyalScottishwhiskytosalute21forexample.Wineismadeby21yearscarefully,blue,red,andgreencolorpalaceroyalporcelain,refinedengravedwiththeswordacrossthebodyoftheknightsofthehorse,thebrandtrademarklogoimagehastwosalute,andequippedwithscotchwhiskyassociationawardedtheageof21yearswine,appraisement,appearelegant.Thatsomepeopledrinkalcohol,willbecollectedcarefullybottles.
Packagingdesignsisanoteworthytaboo.Differentcountriesandregionshavedifferentcustomsandvalues,andalsohavetheirownloveandtabooofdesign,productpackagingonlyadapttothese,itwillbepossibletowinthelocalmarketacceptance.Packagingdesignscanbedividedintotabucharacters,animals,plantsandgeometryaretaboo.Heresmalletc.
(2)thepackagingcolordesign
Colorinpackagingdesignoccupiesanimportantrole.Inthefiercecompetitioninthemarket,tomakethegoodswithobviousdifferenceinvisualfeatures,theotherproductsmorerichtemptconsumerscharm,stimulateandguideconsumption,andstrengthenthememoryofbrand,withoutcolorificdesignandapplication.
Japaneseexpertofcolourofpackaging,bigZhiHaoofcolordesignhadin-depthresearch.Inhisbook"thecolordesignbasisforpackaging,proposedthefollowingeightcolordesignrequirements:
1inthepackagingcolorcanbeclearlycompetitionrecognition,
2ifwellsymbolizescommoditycontent,
3ifcolourwithotherdesignfactorseffectively,harmoniousandunifiedqualityandquantityofthegoodssaid,
4ifacceptedforcommoditiespurchasedclass,
5ifhigherMingShidegree,andcanhaveverygoodfoilcharacters;
6asinglepackageandmultiplepackagingfolded.wheneffect,
7.Indifferentmarkets,differentcolordisplayenvironmentarefullofvigor,
8.Thegoodsarenotwhethercolourprintingcolormanagementandthelimit,theeffect.
Theserequirements,thecolourofcommoditypackagingdesigninthepracticearepracticalundoubtedly.Withtheconsumptiondemandofdiversification,commoditymarketdifferentiation,brandpackagingdesignrequirement,alsomoreandmorerigorousandcareful.Inordertoaccuratelygraspthedifferentkindsofdifferentcommoditypackagingcolordesignrequirements,wecanbedividedintothreecategoriesofconsumergoodsareputforward,colordesignrequirements:
Thefirstkind,luxury.Ifthehigh-gradeperfume,cosmeticssoapandwomenusegarment;etc.Menwithsuchascigarette,wine,seniorsweets,chocolate,rareandexoticemotionalappeal.Thisspecialrequirementuniqueindividualcharacter,colordesignhasspecialatmosphereandhigh,rare.E.g.cosmetics,high-gradeperfumeormysteriouscharm,incredibleatmosphere,showingtheromanticemotionalappealinParis.Thiskindofproductregardlessofcolororsizepackageshouldbedesignedandelegant.Belikeagain,men'shobbywhisky,packagingdesignshouldhavethe18thcenturyFrenchnoblelifespecialatmosphere,cigarettepackagingdesignrequirementshaveanobletemperament.KENTattractions(iv)ofcigarettes,awhitewhitewastheancientcastlestandsinawhite,matchagainwithgolden"KENT"trademark,canmakeapersonassociatewitholdcastleofnoblelife.CAMEL(CAMEL)ofcigarettebackgroundisflaxen,implyingthevastdesert.OnthebackgroundofthepyramidandpalmtreesrepresentstheancientOriental,giveapersonakindofmysteryandoriginalfeeling.Thiskindofcommoditypackagingshouldgiveapersonakindofhighbrandsense.Domestic"maotai","wuliangye","Shanghai","theoldcellarstate","clouds"cigarettepackaging,alsoinsuchgourmetdesignbegantointernationalbrand.
Second,thedailylifeofcannedfoods,suchasneeded,biscuits,spices,coffee,tea,etc.Thiskindofcommoditypackagingcolordesignshouldhavetwocharacteristics:(1)theappetiteofconsumers,(2)foroutstandingproductimage,suchaswater,impliedbysky-bluepackedwithcoolandpure,transparentplasticbottles,fullydisplaysthecharacteristicsoftheproducts.Atpresentdomesticthistypeofproductsinguangdongfood,drink,mineralwaterrelativelysuccessful.
Thethirdkind,popularcommodities,suchascheapsoap,cosmetics,healthprotectionproducts,etc.Forthiskindofcommoditymarket,itsmasslocatedinpackagingcolordesignrequirements:(1)toshowtheintimateatmosphere,(2)shouldshowcommodityqualitysense,(3)canmakeconsumersidentifywithinshorttimethebrand.
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