be动词的缩写有哪些

2022-04-03 教育 533阅读
 “Be”除了原形的“be”之外,还有另外七种形式:am,is,are,been,being,was,were.
  在句子中,“be”可以是主动词(ThePrincipalVerb)或助动词(TheAuxiliaryVerb).
  当主动词时,“be”在性质上属于接系动词(TheLinkingVerb),后面要有名词、形容词、地方副词或短语作补足语(TheComplement)。例如:
  
1.Themanisascienceteacher.
  
2.Mary'snewdressesarecolourful.
 
3.Ihavebeentherebefore.
  
4.Motherisinthekitchennow.
  这四个都是陈述句,可以变成疑问句,方法简单,把主语和“be”或助动词对换位置即可:
  
5.Isthemanascienceteacher?
  
6.AreMary'snewdressescolourful?
 
7.HaveIbeentherebefore?
  
8.Ismotherinthekitchennow?
  当“be”要在祈使句中出现时,它必须借重助动词“do”或“don't”之助,如:
  
9.Don'tbesilly!
  
10.Dobeobedient!
  
11.Don'tbeafool!
  “Be”有两种缩写法,如下:
  
12.He'snot...../Heisn't....
  
13.You'renot...../Youaren't...
  但“am+not”的缩写法只有一个:
 
14.I'mnot.
  有人用“ain't”,但这并不是标准英语。
  谈过了“be”作主动词的功能,现在看看“be”作助动词时,有些什么用法:
  1.“Be+现在分词”以组成进行式时态(ContinuousTenses),如:
  
15.Tony'smaidiswashinghisnewcar.
 
16.Thechildrenareplayinginthefield.
  
17.SamuelwaseatingwhenIcamein.
  
18.Wehavebeenlivingheresince1959.
  2.“Be+过去分词”以组成被动语态(ThePassiveVoice),如:
 
19.Hermoneyinthedrawerwasstolen.
  20.Anumberofgoodjobsaretakenupbyforeigners.
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